Every Illinois LLC should have an Operating Agreement, but getting one doesn’t have to be expensive. You can download and customize your own Operating Agreement using our free template below.
Illinois LLC Operating Agreement (Member-managed)
Illinois LLC Operating Agreement (Manager-managed)
What is an Illinois LLC Operating Agreement?
An Illinois LLC Operating Agreement is a written contract between the LLC Members (LLC owners). This legal document includes detailed information about LLC ownership structure, who owns the company and how the LLC is managed.
Single-Member LLCs and Multi-Member LLCs should draft an Operating Agreement, keep it with their business records, and give a copy to all Members.
What should be included in Limited Liability Company Operating Agreements?
Basic Information
Your Operating Agreement will include basic information about your Limited Liability Company. Some of the information will be the same as what is listed in your Illinois LLC Articles of Organization. Operating Agreements should include:
- LLC Name
- LLC effective date (and the effective date of the Operating Agreement)
- Illinois Registered Agent (if applicable)
- purpose of your LLC
- duration of your LLC
- and how your LLC will be taxed
Related reading: Is a Registered Agent a Member of an LLC?
LLC Ownership
Your Operating Agreements will list all the LLC Members and how much of the Limited Liability Company they each own.
How much of the LLC someone owns is called their “LLC Membership Interest”.
LLC Membership Interest is most often expressed as a percentage (like 5%, 50%, 100%, etc.).
Initial Capital Contributions (putting money into your LLC)
After your LLC is approved, you should open an LLC bank account and put money into that account.
Each of the company Members makes an initial capital contribution. Capital contribution simply means a deposit of money into the LLC bank account.
You will list the initial capital contributions in your LLC’s Operating Agreement.
Pro tip: If you complete your Operating Agreement before you have opened an LLC bank account, just enter the amount the Members plan to deposit. If the amount of your deposit changes, it’s okay to edit your Operating Agreement with the actual amounts later.
- Related article: To learn more about capital contributions, like how much you should contribute, check out LLC Capital Contributions.
Statement about taxes
You will list how your LLC will be taxed in your Operating Agreement. There are four common ways an LLC can be taxed:
- LLC taxed as a Sole Proprietorship
- LLC taxed as a Partnership
- LLC taxed as an S-Corporation
- LLC taxed as a C-Corporation
Voting Rights of LLC Members
The rules of membership voting will be spelled out in your Illinois LLC’s Operating Agreement.
If you use the Member-managed Operating Agreement, the voting powers are proportionate to the LLC Membership Interest.
If you use the Manager-managed Operating Agreement, the voting powers are also proportionate to the LLC Membership Interest. Then the Members vote to elect a Manager or Managers. The Manager(s) then has authority to make certain decisions on behalf of the LLC (without needing a vote by the Members).
However, certain things, like adding or removing an LLC Member, require a vote of the Members (and the Manager has no say).
Make sure all LLC Members have a copy
Once you finalize your Operating Agreement, make sure all the Members have a copy.
We recommend keeping a copy of the Operating Agreement with your LLC business records.
Operating Agreement FAQs
Is an Operating Agreement required for an LLC in Illinois?
As per Section 15-5 of the Illinois LLC Act, an Operating Agreement isn’t required for an LLC in Illinois.
But while it’s not required in Illinois to conduct business, we strongly recommend having an Operating Agreement for your LLC.
Additionally, financial institutions (like banks) and other organizations may need to see a copy of this paperwork in order for you to do business with them. In fact, some banks require an Operating Agreement in order to open a business bank account.
Why should an LLC with only one Member still have an Operating Agreement?
It’s best to have an Operating Agreement, even if you are the only Member of your Illinois LLC (a Single-Member LLC).
If you go to court, an Operating Agreement helps prove that your Single-Member LLC is being run as a separate legal entity. This confirms the limited liability status of the company, which then protects your personal assets.
Does a Multi-Member LLC need an Operating Agreement?
It’s best to have an Operating Agreement, especially for an LLC with multiple Members. This document will spell out ownership percentages, profit distribution, and management responsibilities.
If you go to court, an Operating Agreement helps prove that your Multi-member LLC is being run as a separate legal entity.
Do I have to send my Operating Agreement to the state?
No, you don’t have to send your Operating Agreement to the Illinois Secretary of State, or any other government agency. (That’s why there’s no “filing fee” for an Operating Agreement.)
Operating Agreements are “internal documents”. Meaning, the Members just need to keep a copy with their business records.
The Operating Agreement is a legally binding document upon the LLC Members because of the Members’ signatures. It doesn’t need a government stamp of approval.
However, in the future, if your company were involved in a lawsuit or an audit, a court or government agency might ask to see a copy of your Operating Agreement.
Additionally, you may also need to show this document to:
- financial institutions when you open a business bank account
- financial institutions if you apply for a loan for the LLC
- a title company if your LLC is buying real estate
Does my LLC Operating Agreement need to be notarized?
No, your Operating Agreement doesn’t need to be notarized. Each Member just needs to sign it.
Once you (and the other LLC Members, if applicable) sign the Operating Agreement, then it becomes a legal document.
Can I write my own Operating Agreement?
Yes, but we recommend using an Operating Agreement template.
An Operating Agreement is a legal document. You don’t have to hire a business attorney or other lawyer to write one, though. Using a template helps make sure you cover everything you need to.
LLC University® offers free Operating Agreement templates that you can download and customize to write your own LLC Operating Agreement.
How do you write a simple Operating Agreement?
If you wanted to write a simple Illinois Operating Agreement without using a template, you could. You’d need to check with the Illinois LLC Act to make sure it meets all the requirements.
For example, at a minimum, you’d want your Illinois LLC name, your Registered Agent information, your business purpose, the names of the LLC Members, and information about initial capital contributions.
However, there is a lot more information that is important to document about your LLC.
It’s probably a lot easier to start with an existing template. We have a free Operating Agreement template you can download on this page.
What is the difference between an LLC and an Operating Agreement?
An LLC (Limited Liability Company) is a type of business structure. It’s a legal business entity that you form by filing a document called the Articles of Organization with the state.
An Operating Agreement is an internal document that governs how your LLC is run. It contains rules about how much of the company each Member of the LLC owns, and other details about management and taxes.
Said another way, the LLC is your legal entity. And the Operating Agreement is a written set of rules for how the LLC will operate.
You could have an LLC without an Operating Agreement (but you shouldn’t). But you can’t have an Operating Agreement without an LLC.
How do I set up an LLC in Illinois?
Here are the steps to starting an LLC in Illinois:
- Choose an LLC name and make sure it’s available
- Choose who will be your Illinois Registered Agent
- File the Illinois LLC Articles of Organization
- Complete and sign an LLC Operating Agreement
- Get an Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS
- Research business license requirements
- Open an LLC bank account
References
IRS: Paying Yourself
Illinois LLC Act (Section 15-5)
Illinois.gov: Start a Business
Matt holds a Bachelor's Degree in business from Drexel University with a concentration in business law. He performs extensive research and analysis to convert state laws into simple instructions anyone can follow to form their LLC - all for free! Read more about Matt Horwitz and LLC University.
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I just wanted to thank you so much for all of the information that I have gotten from this article and this site overall. You have helped me successfully start by business
You’re very welcome Tatiana! So happy to hear that :-)
Hello, Matt — I am a sole proprietor who just filed to become a single-member LLC in Illinois. I came across your site, because I am looking for examples of incorporating the concept of a “springing member” in order to designate my sister to take over the management upon my death. I know Illinois allows this in the LLC statute, but I don’t know how to approach this within the operating agreement. Do you have any suggestions on verbiage I can present to my attorneys?
Hi Cee, congratulations on your new LLC! We don’t have any sample verbiage on Springing Members at this time. However, we recommend speaking with an estate planning attorney or a business attorney for assistance. Thank you for your understanding.
This operating agreement was so helpful!! My goodness! I didn’t even know we needed this. It is another very helpful bit a information I’m learning along this new path. Thanks so much!
Hi Deborah, you are very welcome! We’re happy to be so helpful :)
How to form a PLLC in Illinois? Do I need to use different format?
Hi Sam, the filing is similar, but slightly different. You’ll use the same Articles of Organization (Form LLC-5.5). There are two notes at the bottom of the Articles of Organization that pertain to licensed professionals. We don’t have PLLC instructions at this time, but we recommend calling the Secretary of State. You may want to look in having an Operating Agreement created by an attorney, especially if there are other members in the LLC. Hope that helps.
Matt, Thank you !
This is very helpful !
Sam
Hi Matt,
I formed a single member LLC in Illinois a couple weeks ago. I’m now thinking I should have my husband’s name on there somewhere. Can I put him as a ‘member’ in the operating agreement or is there somewhere I can add him in in some capacity in writing or do I have to dissolve this LLC and create a new one? Thanks!
Hi Mary, you don’t have to dissolve this LLC and form a new one (although sometimes that filing is easier). Here is the overview of adding an LLC Member: prepare Assignment of Membership Interest Agreement, amend Operating Agreement, amend Articles of Organization (if applicable, meaning if Member(s) are listed), notify IRS if change in tax classification (in your case, LLC is going from Sole Proprietorship taxation to Partnership taxation), update state Department of Revenue, and update bank. Hope that helps.
Thank you Matt for Thisbe very helpful tool. Please can you assist me with the formatting as it does not allow me to add a space between words or correct a typing error.
Please advise and thank you,
Peggy
Hi Peggy, this is likely due to your version of Adobe Reader or Microsoft Word. We can’t assist in troubleshooting this as the issue is just on your side. We recommend downloading the Operating Agreement in the other format (either PDF or .doc). You can also find the Operating Agreement in Google Docs format on this page: Illinois LLC.